Power+Points+and+Vocabulary+by+Chapter

Chapter 16 Key Terms (p. 562): identity versus identity confusion, crisis, clique, crowd, right of passage, juvenile delinquent Chapter 15 Key Terms (p. 526): hypothetical-deductive reasoning, adolescent egocentrism, imaginary audience, personal fable, hidden curriculum, top dog phenomenon

Chapter 14 Key Terms (p. 494): puberty, corpus callosum, amygdala,

Chapter 13 Key Terms (p. 458): self esteem, gender stereotypes, popular children, average children, neglected children, rejected children, controversial children, intimacy in friendships, constructivist approach, direct instruction approach

Chapter 12 Key Terms (p. 419 ): critical thinking, creative thinking, convergent thinking, divergent thinking, metacognition, intelligenge, mental age, intelligence quotient, gifted, whole-language approach, phonics approach, extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, helpless orientation, self efficacy Chapter 11 Key Terms (p. 380 ): ADHD (attention defecit hyperactivity disorder), autism spectrum disorders, inclusion



Chapter 10 Key Terms (p 349): gender role, authoritarian parenting, authoritative parenting, neglectful parenting, indulgent parenting, symbolic play Chapter 9 Key Terms (p 309 Santrock's text): preoperational stage, operations, symbolic function, egocentrism, animism, centration, conservation, zone of proximal development (growing edge), scaffolding, attention, child-centered, Montessori, developmentally appropriate practice, Head Start

Chapter 8 Key Terms (p 277 Santrock's text): myelination, Denver Developmental Screening Test

Chapter 7 Key Terms (p. Santrock's text) stranger anxiety, separation anxiety, temperament, easy, difficult, slow-to-warm up, goodness of fit, trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, Ainsworth's strange situation, attachment, reciprocal socialization, scaffolding,



Chapter 6 Key Terms (p. 215 Santrock's text): schemes, assimilation, accommodation, sensorimotor stage, reflexes, object permanence, A not B error, attention, DQ, language, telegraphic speech, LAD language acquisition device, child directed speech
 * child directed speech**- Language spoken in a higher pitch than normal with simple words and sentences: it is the way people tend to talk to children at a younger age change our voice tone and pitch and speek in smaller sentences and word p. 209
 * accommodation** - Piagetian term for the necessity to change your schema to "fit" something new; for example, child discriminates trucks and vans from "cars"; p.184
 * attention (**p. 192) focus of mental resources on specific information; gradual learned ability to orient/investigate; sustained, focused attention is necessary for school success


 * Schemes-** Piagetian term, actions or mental representations that organize knowledge. Example, child calling all men Dad. p. 183


 * Object permanence**- Piagetian term, understanding that objects and events continue to exist, even when they cannot directly be seen, heard, or touched. Example, placing a blanket over a toy and the child knows it's not gone, just under the blanket. p. 186


 * Sensorimotor Stage-** The first stage; centered on the infant trying to make sense of the world (ages birth to two); Behivior is limited to simple motor responses caused by sensori stimuli; Children use skills & abilities they were born with suc as looking, sucking, grasping, and listening to learn. Infant is limited to sensory precetions/ motor activities.


 * Assimilation**: Piagitian concept of the incorporation of new informations into existing schemes. Ex: a child sees a cow for the first time and says "doggy" The child fits the strange animal into the existing scheme of "doggy"


 * A not B error**: Occurs when infants make the mistake of selecting the familiar hiding place. Ex: A) rather than the new hiding place B) as they progress into substage 4 in piagets sensorimotor stage
 * Reflexes:** An action that is performed as a response to a stimulate and without conscious thought. Ex: Sneezing, sucking


 * Language Acquisition Devise (LAD):** A hypothesized innate mental faculty present in infants that enables them to construct and internalize the grammar of their native language on the basis of the limited and fraqmentary language input to which they are exposed. Ex: Talking to a baby and they blink as a response.


 * Developmental Quotient (DQ):** The numeric expression of a child's developmental level as measured by dividing the developmental age by the chronological age and multiplying it by 100.

Chapter 5 Key Terms (p. 178 Santrock's text): cephalocaudal pattern, proximodistal pattern, SIDS, reflexes, gross motor skills fine motor skills, ecological view, habituation

Chapter 4 Key Terms (p. 137 Santrock's text): natural childbirth, prepared childbirth, Apgar Scale, Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, low birth weight infants, preterm infants, small for date infants, bonding

Chapter 3 Key Terms (p. 113 Santrock's text): neuron, teratogen, fetal alcohol syndrome [] link to texbook page 114 summarizing pregnancy tips for best outcomes

Chapter 2 Key Terms (p. 84 Santrock's text): chromosome, DNA, gene, Down syndrome, twin study, adoption study
 * No Power Point for Chapter 2**

Chapter 1 Key Terms (p. 47 of Santrock's text): development, context, original sin, tabula rasa, innate goodness, biological, cognitive, socioemotional, prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle and late childhood, adolescence, psychoanalytic, Erikson, Piaget, Vygotsky, information-processing, ethology, Bronfenbrener's ecological, eclectic, descriptive research, correlational research, experiment, longitidinal approach Link for page 46 summary of points 3 and 4 (of 4) from Chapter 1 of Santrock text: []